微量量热法测定细菌的最佳生长温度

前文＊报导过两个菌种在不同培养基中的临界生长温度．本文在此基础上，对细菌生长过程与温度之间的关系做了进一步探讨，确定了各菌种在相同的培养基中有最适宜的生长温度，对几株杆菌、球菌、弧菌在相同培养基、不同温度下代谢过程的热谱进行了测定，按文献间的方法，求出了它们在不同温度下的生长速率常数，并拟合了k一T非线性方程（有极大值），从该方程出发找出了另一特征温度，即最佳生长温度．1实验部分五．五仪器、苗种与材料本实验采用瑞典Aug司产的新型热导式微量量热计，其结构、原理与操作见前文门．实验所用菌种均由北京药品…     

Theoretical Study on the NO2＋NO2^— Electron Transfer Reaction

The NO2 NO2^- electron transfer reaction was studied with DFT-B3LYP method at 6-311 G^* basis set level for the eight selected structures:four species favor the structure of “head to head”.The geometry of transition state was obtained by the linear corrdinate method.Three parameters,non-adiabatic activation energy(Ead),coupling matrix element(Hif) and reorganization energy(λ) for electron transfer reaction can be calculated.According to the reorganization energy of the ET reaction,the values obtained from George-Griffith-Marcus (GGM) method(the contribution only from diagonal elements of force constant matrix) are larger than those obtained from Hessian matrix method(including the contribution from both diagonal and off-diagonal elements), which suggests that the coupling interactions between different vibrational modes are important to the inner-sphere reorganization energy for the ET reactions in gaseous phase.The value of rate constant was obtained by using above three activation parameters.     

Reaction mechanisms of Cp-containing silene complexes toward H2: A DFT study

The 18e Cp-containing silene tungsten complex, Cp₂W(η²-Me₂SiCH₂), can break H-H bond to afford the product, Cp₂WH(SiMe₃). The mechanisms on reaction of Cp₂W(η²-Me₂SiCH₂) with H₂ are investigated in this paper by using density functional theory (DFT). On the basis of the features of the reaction and experimental proposal for the reaction mechanisms, three possible pathways are proposed, which are related to the migration of silicon group, Cp ring slippage, and σ-bond metathesis, respectively. Our results of calculations indicate that the pathway involving migration of silicon group is the most favored, supporting the experimental observations. The other two paths are quite unfavorable kinetically.     

三苯基锡N-(5-氯亚水杨基)-α-氨基酸酯的合成及结构表征

利用三苯基氯化锡和现场生成的5-氯水杨醛缩-α-氨基酸钾反应合成了6种三苯基锡N-(5-氯亚水杨基)-α-氨基酸酯1～6, 通过元素分析、IR和NMR对其结构进行了表征. 利用X射线单晶衍射测定了三苯基锡N-(5-氯亚水杨基)缬氨酸酯(3)和三苯基锡N-(5-氯亚水杨基)异亮氨酸酯(5)的晶体结构. 结果表明锡原子是五配位的, 通过单齿羧基氧原子和相邻分子的酚氧原子对锡的配位形成了具有反式-O₂SnC₃三角双锥结构的一维链状聚合物.     

Study of conformational and optical rotation for the alaninamide

Six stationary points of alaninamide have been located on the potential surface energy (PES) at the B3LYP/6‐311++G(2d,2p) level of theory both in the gas phase and in aqueous solution. In the aqueous solution, to take the water solvent effect into account, the polarizable continuum model (PCM) method has been used. Accurate geometric structures and their relative stabilities have been investigated. The results show that the intramolecular hydrogen bond plays a very important role in stabilizing the global minimum of the alaninamide. Moreover, the consistent result in relative energy using high‐level computations, including the MP2 and MP3 methods with the same basis set [6‐311++G(2d,2p)], indicates that the B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) level may be applied to the analogue system. More importantly, the optical rotation of the optimized conformers (both in the gas phase and in aqueous solution) of alaninamide have been calculated using the density functional theory (DFT) and Hartree–Fock (HF) method at various basis sets (6‐31+G*, 6‐311++G(d,p), 6‐311++G(2d,2p) and aug‐cc‐pvdz). The results show that the selection of the computation method and the basis set in calculation has great influence on the results of the optical rotations. The reliability of the HF method is less than that of DFT, and selecting the basis set of 6‐311++G(2d,2p) and aug‐cc‐pvDZ produces relative reliable results. Analysis of the computational results of the structure parameters and the optical rotations yields the conclusion that just the helixes in molecules caused the chiral molecules to be optical active. The Boltzmann equilibrium distributions for the six conformers (both in the gas phase and in the aqueous solution) are also carried out. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007     

Theoretical studies of the proton transfer behaviors in molecular complexes analogous to catalytic triad of serine protease: Toward understanding the existence and significance of the low-barrier hydrogen-bond in enzymatic catalysis

A representative acetate-(5-methylimidazole)-methanol system has been employed as a model of catalytic triad in serine protease to validate the formation processes of low-barrier H-bonds (LBHB) at the B3LYP/6-311++G** level of theory, and variable H-bonding characters from conventional ones to LBHBs have been represented along with the proceedings of proton transfer. Solvent effect is an important factor in modulation of the existence of an LBHB, where an LBHB (or a conventional H-bond) in the gas phase can be changed into a non-LBHB (an LBHB) upon solvation. The origin of the additional stabilization energy arising from the LBHB may be attributed to the H-bonding energy difference before and after proton transfer because the shared proton can freely move between the proton donor and proton acceptor. Most importantly, the order of magnitude of the stabilization energy depends on the studied systems. Furthermore, the nonexistence of LBHBs in the catalytic triad of serine proteases has been verified in a more sophisticated model treated using the ONIOM method. As a result, only the single proton transfer mechanism in the catalytic triad has been confirmed and the origin of the powerful catalytic efficiency of serine proteases should be attributed to other factors rather than the LBHB. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 20633060 & 20573063), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant No. Y2007B23), the Scientific Research Foundation of Qufu Normal University (Grant Nos. Bsqd2007003 and Bsqd2007008), and the State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces (Xiamen University)     

Existence of fixed points for some convex operators and applications to multi-point boundary value problems

Existence results of fixed points for some convex operators are given by means of fixed point theorem of cone expansion and compression, then they are applied to nonlinear multi-point boundary value problems.     

Existence of sign-changing solutions for some asymptotically linear three-point boundary value problems

In this paper, by using the topological degree theory and the fixed point index theory, the existence of three kinds of solutions (i.e., sign-changing solutions, positive solutions and negative solutions) for asymptotically linear three-point boundary value problems is obtained.     

Adaptive output feedback asymptotic stabilization of nonholonomic systems with uncertainties

A global adaptive output feedback control strategy is presented for a class of nonholonomic systems in generalized chained form with drift nonlinearity and unknown virtual control parameters. The purpose is to design a nonlinear output feedback switching controller such that the closed-loop system is globally asymptotically stable. By using the input-state scaling technique and an integrator back-stepping approach, an output feedback controller is given. A filter of observer gain is introduced for state and parameter estimates. Meanwhile, in order to avoid the over-parameters, a tuning function technique is utilized. A novel switching control strategy based on the output measurement of the first subsystem rather than time is used to overcome the uncontrollability of the x₀-subsystem in the origin. The proposed controller can guarantee that all the system states globally converge to the origin, while other signals maintain bounded. The numerical simulation testifies the effectiveness.     

Oscillation criteria for forced second-order nonlinear differential equations with damping

In this paper, we are concerned with oscillations in a class of forced second-order differential equations with nonlinear damping terms. By using a classical variational principle and an averaging technique, several new interval oscillation criteria for the equations are established, which improve and extend some known results. An example is also given to illustrate the results.